Supporting community emergency management planning through a geocollaboration software architecture.
Emergency management is more than just events occurring within an emergency situation. It encompasses a variety of persistent activities such as planning, , assessment, and organizational change. We are studying emergency management planning practices in which geographic communities (towns and regions) prepare to respond efficiently to significant emergency events. Community emergency management planning is an extensive collaboration involving numerous stakeholders throughout the community and both reflecting and challenging the community's structure and resources. Geocollaboration is one aspect of the effort. Emergency managers, public works directors, first responders, and local transportation managers need to exchange information relating to possible emergency event locations and their surrounding areas. They need to examine geospatial maps together and collaboratively develop emergency plans and procedures. Issues such as emergency vehicle traffic routes and staging areas for command posts, arriving media, and personal first responders' vehicles must be agreed upon prior to an emergency event to ensure an efficient and effective response. This work presents a software architecture that facilitates the development of geocollaboration solutions. The architecture extends prior geocollaboration research and reuses existing geospatial information models. Emergency management planning is one application domain for the architecture. Geocollaboration tools can be developed that support community-wide emergency management planning and preparedness. This paper describes how the software architecture can be used for the geospatial, emergency management planning activities of one community. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
Literature review, Interviews, Tabletop exercise, Software development
Interviews with experts and literature reviewDefinition of software requirementsSoftware designObservation of a meetings for preparedness of an airplane crash at a local airport.And several other observations of community activities that involve emergency management planning.
Studying local emergency management based on literatrure.In a nine-month period, we conducted eight semi-structured interviews with the coordinator of Centre Region and accompanied him at fourteen, emergency-related meetings in the community.The primary method of data collection was observation, which was recorded in field notes. Secondary sources of data collection included meeting documentsThe semistructured interviews focused on the emergency management coordinator’s approach to emergency management and his perception of the local activities in the community.
Literature review, software development
Geocollaboration tools can be developed that support community-wide emergency management planning and preparedness.
This paper has argued for the community-oriented nature of emergency management planning work. It has described how multiple local agencies come together to prepare for and respond to emergencies.This focus on local agencies and citizen involvement, along with the fact that every emergency occurs in some locale, emphasizes our interest in community emergency management planning.The software architecture described in this paper offers both a design and a toolkit for implementing geocollaboration applications. The architecture allows for the design and development of a variety of geocollaboration software tools. This is particularly well suited for emergency management planning, which has different geocollaboration needs depending on the context. The software architecture allows us, as the researchers, to explore different geocollaboration interactions and features within a specific use context. It also allows the development of unique applications for multiple contexts.The software architecture, and the corresponding development, is also beneficial to community emergency management planning. Through the design and development of collaborative tools for emergency planning work practices, a collaborative, virtual environment for emergency management planning can form.Our geocollaborative architecture can also support the unique roles people play in emergency management and allow tools to be tailored to those specific purposes.
We are studying emergency management planning practices in which geographic communities (towns and regions) prepare to respond efficiently to significant emergency events.This work presents a software architecture that facilitates the development of geocollaboration solutions. The architecture extends prior geocollaboration research and reuses existing geospatial information models.This paper describes how the software architecture can be used for the geospatial, emergency management planning activities of one community.
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