Multi-objective evacuation routing optimization for toxic cloud releases.
This paper develops a model for assessing the risks associated with the evacuation process in response to potential chemical accidents, based on which a multi-objective evacuation routing model for toxic cloud releases is proposed taking into account that the travel speed on each arc will be affected by disaster extension. The objectives of the evacuation routing model are to minimize travel time and individual evacuation risk along a path respectively. Two heuristic algorithms are proposed to solve the multi-objective evacuation routing model. Simulation results show the effectiveness and feasibility of the model and algorithms presented in this paper. And, the methodology with appropriate modification is suitable for supporting decisions in assessing emergency route selection in other cases (fires, nuclear accidents). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]/nCopyright of Reliability Engineering & System Safety is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Comparison of the two algorithms, based performance in time and objective function.
Algorithm development and simulation
travel time and individual evacuation risk
We carry out our computational tests on an emergency evacuation network G=(V,E) with 20 nodes.Suppose an accident of ammonia spill happens in a chemical plant at node 2, the safety area is at node 20, and the starting point of the evacuees is at node 1.
Artificial data with 20 nodes. Application of the algorithms to the graph
Not specifically tested
The use of the multi-objective optimization allows for the evaluation of each and every possible solution to both sets of criteria, i.e. individual risks and time costs. Furthermore, the use of Pareto optimal set approach avoids subjective judgments and value trade-offs until the very late stage of the optimization procedure. Major subsets of the optimum solution may be discarded without much debate among stakeholders (for example, solutions implying higher risk with minimal decrease in travel time).
Simulation results show the effectiveness and feasibility of the model and algorithms presented in this paper. And, the methodology with appropriate modification is suitable for supporting decisions in assessing emergency route selection in other cases (fires, nuclear accidents).The use of the first heuristic algorithm is preferred to other routing optimization techniques because it allows for partitioning for the set of non-dominated solutions according to the results of QAR and individual risk criteria, which can provide reference for policymakers in the emergency decision-making process of evacuation. The use of the second heuristic algorithm is preferred to other dynamic optimization techniques because it allows for a fast calculation of optimal solutions during emergency situations.
This paper develops a model for assessing the risks associated with the evacuation process in response to potential chemical accidents, based on which a multi-objective evacuation routing model for toxic cloud releases is proposed taking into account that the travel speed on each arc will be affected by disaster extension.Two heuristic algorithms are proposed to solve the multi-objective evacuation routing model.
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