The performance and functions of the system have been verified through simulator implementation and experimentation. The fire CFD data, in particular, contain data on toxic gases and heat, which have direct impacts on fire responses and rescue activities, and thus realistic visualization and experience of these data have helped further improve the effects of the fire

Activities designed to facilitate the learning and development of knowledge, skills, and abilities, and to improve the performance of specific tasks or roles.

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and provide useful knowledge to the inexperienced users.

GIS-aided spatial decision support systems represent an important role in

Sudden, urgent, usually unexpected occurrence or event requiring immediate action.
Note 1 to entry: An emergency is usually a disruption or condition that can often be anticipated or prepared for, but seldom exactly foreseen.

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management. Sudden, urgent, usually unexpected occurrence or event requiring immediate action. Note 1 to entry: An emergency is usually a disruption or condition that can often be anticipated or prepared for, but seldom exactly foreseen.

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management needs accurate and quick information for dealing with an emergency in a timely and safe manner. Because of the fact that all phases in

The organization and management of resources and responsibilities for addressing all aspects of emergencies and effectively respond to a hazardous event or a disaster.

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are graphically and spatially related to each other, an effective GIS-aided spatial decision support system has a greater role in these activities.

Description of development of activity-based models. (pg 26)Description of data and information gaps in these models (pg 32) e.g. weekly and seasonal variations; behavioral errors and variations.

The proposed model represents an easily implementable system to assist the

Sudden, urgent, usually unexpected occurrence or event requiring immediate action.
Note 1 to entry: An emergency is usually a disruption or condition that can often be anticipated or prepared for, but seldom exactly foreseen.

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management agencies at city, state and federal levels to assess their specific capabilities in Sudden, urgent, usually unexpected occurrence or event requiring immediate action. Note 1 to entry: An emergency is usually a disruption or condition that can often be anticipated or prepared for, but seldom exactly foreseen.

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The knowledge and capacities developed by governments, professional response and recovery organizations, communities and individuals to effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from, the impacts of likely, imminent or current disasters.

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and

Actions taken during or immediately after a disaster in order to save lives, reduce health impacts, ensure public safety and meet the basic subsistence needs of the people affected.

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related activities.The ERM represents a very valuable

A device, equipment or piece of software used to carry out a particular process or procedure.

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for each city office of

The organization and management of resources and responsibilities for addressing all aspects of emergencies and effectively respond to a hazardous event or a disaster.

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to evaluate their unique Actions taken during or immediately after a disaster in order to save lives, reduce health impacts, ensure public safety and meet the basic subsistence needs of the people affected.

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capabilities to natural

Situation where widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses have occurred which exceeded the ability of the affected organisation, community or society to respond and recover using its own resources.

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, as well as to perform sensitivity analysis on alternative solutions that could be implemented to improve their performance

A plant model and a controller model for a Networked Safe Service System in the case of

Situation where widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses have occurred which exceeded the ability of the affected organisation, community or society to respond and recover using its own resources.

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Actions taken during or immediately after a disaster in order to save lives, reduce health impacts, ensure public safety and meet the basic subsistence needs of the people affected.

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management have been successfully defined, which paved a way towards the application of a rich set of the control systems technology to Situation where widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses have occurred which exceeded the ability of the affected organisation, community or society to respond and recover using its own resources.

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Actions taken during or immediately after a disaster in order to save lives, reduce health impacts, ensure public safety and meet the basic subsistence needs of the people affected.

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management.A simulation-operation hybrid adaptive response management approach has been proposed to operate the whole system.

Our study showed that the main performance measures(objectives), such as the mean user

Actions taken during or immediately after a disaster in order to save lives, reduce health impacts, ensure public safety and meet the basic subsistence needs of the people affected.

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time, imbalance of ambulance workloads, and the fraction of calls not serviced within a time limit could be improved by relocating the ambulance bases and simultaneously determining the district (atom) sizes of the system.

One of the contributions of this work is that it showcases the utility of microscopic traffic simulation for regional

Sudden, urgent, usually unexpected occurrence or event requiring immediate action.
Note 1 to entry: An emergency is usually a disruption or condition that can often be anticipated or prepared for, but seldom exactly foreseen.

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The knowledge and capacities developed by governments, professional response and recovery organizations, communities and individuals to effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from, the impacts of likely, imminent or current disasters.

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and highlights opportunities and challenges related to the development of large scale microscopic simulation models. Moreover, the project finidngs can provide guidance to regional transportation officials and public safety qgencies toward implementing effective traffic management strategies in the event of an actual regional Sudden, urgent, usually unexpected occurrence or event requiring immediate action. Note 1 to entry: An emergency is usually a disruption or condition that can often be anticipated or prepared for, but seldom exactly foreseen.

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.

Among first-level factors, logistics and quality assurance was ranked highest, followed by

Unstable condition involving an impending abrupt or significant change that requires urgent attention and action to protect life, assets, property or the environment.
 

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management, information technology, and competitive ability in descending order.

Collaborative approach to

Sudden, urgent, usually unexpected occurrence or event requiring immediate action.
Note 1 to entry: An emergency is usually a disruption or condition that can often be anticipated or prepared for, but seldom exactly foreseen.

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The knowledge and capacities developed by governments, professional response and recovery organizations, communities and individuals to effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from, the impacts of likely, imminent or current disasters.

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developed by Stewart-Evans et al. (2012) can be applied to all stages of incident

Actions taken during or immediately after a disaster in order to save lives, reduce health impacts, ensure public safety and meet the basic subsistence needs of the people affected.

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.Cross-border issues require specific attention from Sudden, urgent, usually unexpected occurrence or event requiring immediate action. Note 1 to entry: An emergency is usually a disruption or condition that can often be anticipated or prepared for, but seldom exactly foreseen.

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responders and national governments.

Reliability and performance of a network of realistic size can be estimated with high accuracy in moderate computation time with the proposed Monte Carlo simulation method