Results

Results indicate that participatory techniques can usefully complement formal methods of risk analysis and they are also valuable in exploring the risk perceptions and risk attitudes of key stakeholder groups if their delegates at the workshop correctly represent the wider community.The applications of participatory techniques to help relevant policymakers and stakeholders engage into a serious assessment of a remote and low-probability environmental risk proved to be successful.

the factors influencing the efficiency of collaborative allocation aredivided into four categories

The proposed simplified trend fusion algorithm showed acceptable results of classifying normal and abnormal cases adequately.This paper proposes integrated fault simulator that supports the analysis of abnormal situations where fault semantic networks are constructed that represent faults, symptoms, causes, consequences and counteractions for all possible abnormal or risk scenarios of the chemical and petrochemical plants.

This paper has proposed a model for the emergency transportation network design problem that is useful in developing pre-disaster plans for controlling the network in order to carry out emergency response activities after an earthquake. The model can also be used for identifying critical routes

All four participating organisations operated a formal performance appraisal system that led to the output of a training and development schedule for their employees.The findings suggest an organisational mind-set that pre-empted new learning by developing boundary objects that were too specific not suitable for complex issues.Close examination of the types of boundary objects in use revealed that the boundary repositories, forms, objects and models were similar across the four companies. Participants acknowledged the importance of keeping well informed in terms of the latest tools and techniques and the need to learn from project lessons but could not provide insight into the mechanisms for assessing learning and application in subsequent projects.There was no specified methodology to evaluate their impact on team cohesion, project delivery and outcomes. Instead, cost driver meant that ‘value-for-money’ related to how cheaply could the organisation procure and offer their employees project training.The levels of learning were analysed across all four companies and, despite the LOs' expressed focus on clear objectives and personal development pathways, the levels of learning being demonstrated were similar.Training interventions appear to be successful but references to gaining information via training and education did not include sharing or developing others either from a lack of means or motivation. Participants were aware of what went wrong in their projects and knew how to fix problems generally, but did not always consider the Know Why. Knowing what and how without addressing the underlying causes can lock project members into a crisis-management cycle.How knowledge can ‘transfer to the job’ remains unknown.

Seventeen medical responders managed 112 victims of a simulated building explosion. Although 81% of the patients were assigned the appropriate triage codes, evacuation from the site did not follow in priority. Required maneuvers were performed correctly in 85.2% of airway maneuvers and 78.7% of breathing maneuvers, however, significant under-treatment occurred, possibly due to equipment shortages. Extensive use of radio communication was documented. In evaluating this tool, the structured markers were informative, but further information provided by direct observation was invaluable.Data communication played a pivotal role in disaster and MCI response. An accurate and objective method for evaluation of exercises would allow the determination of strengths and weaknesses in the disaster response; and ultimately provides the data needed for improvement of the response system.

Advantages of simulation (based on review) for training: -  Allows trainees to gain experience when mitigating the risk of harm to patients-  Allows for an interchangeable curriculum depending on trainees’ level- Affords the trainees’ multiple opportunities to practice and learn in a less stressful environment-  Acquire skills, which can be translated to improve in both technical/ procedural and diagnostic/interpretive skills.

Involvement and consultations of real patients in the creation and implementation of scenarios can help to achieve a high level of fidelity. Simulations should reflect the multi-disciplinary nature of real life wards.

 Compared with the existing methods, D-DEMATEL has ability to obtain the total relations of influential factors and identify the CSFs in emergency management.The optimization of these CSFs can promote the overall welfare of emergency management.

The risk level of each farm was obtained.  Besides, analyzing 56 cases it is possible to highlight which indicators are generally characterized by high risk. Key contribution is the relationship between the risks and their factors.The results obtained provide an overview of the crucial factors for optimizing the emergency management process in onshore wind farms at national level. The policy outcome: ANEV has signed a framework agreement with INAL, Italian government agency for the insurance against work-related injuries.