Results

The tool was feasible to use in the context of simulation-based training. Satisfactory reliability (Cronbach a) was obtained across trainers’ and trainees’ scores (analyzed jointly and separately). Moreover, trainer nurse’s ratings of the four skills correlated positively, thus indicating adequate content validity. Trainer’s and trainees’ ratings did not correlate.

It was proposed a QoS-aware service oriented architecture suitable for geospatial information management systems targeted in planning and crisis management. The proposed architecture supports QoS guarantees for delivering geospatial information, which is a very important aspect for decision making and addressing a case of emergency. Furthermore, the proposed architecture exploits added-value service components to go further from simply presenting spatial data, and include services such as environmental simulation models and logistics. Finally, presentation aspects are discussed that enable efficient vector based image representation of GML compatible geospatial contentUsing these specifications, one can create geospatial service oriented architectures, which retain the main principles of web services using, however, different data description languages able to handle geospatial properties, which are a key element in environmental information management systems.

56 concepts, approaches and practices have been identified and evaluated.42 items received a 80% or higher consensus in the first round. In the second round 3 items (of the remaining 14) were included in the second round.The items were divided in 11 categories. The four major categories that included the highest number of items were collaboration, planning, procedures and training.

Difference in performance between junior and senior surgeonsCorrelations between experience and performance in both operating theater and on bench modelImprovement between 1st and last trail on a number of KPI’s in simulations

The performance and functions of the system have been verified through simulator implementation and experimentation. The fire CFD data, in particular, contain data on toxic gases and heat, which have direct impacts on fire responses and rescue activities, and thus realistic visualization and experience of these data have helped further improve the effects of the fire training and provide useful knowledge to the inexperienced users.

The outcome is an integer programming model that yields the location and level of storage for prepositioned supplies.Significant improvements in the total relief cost may be reached by means of prepositioning strategies.

The application cases show that the DSS works adequately for different emergency situations providing a course of decisions in real time that permits responders to minimize the consequences of an accident while avoiding human failures and delays. Furthermore, the additional information about the severity of the emergency and the evacuation times permits decision -makers to obtain a wider overview of the situation and to optimize decisions that include the emergency services and other authorities.(Note from TNO: not tested with users, only through simulation. So I don’t know how they came to these conclusions)

we show how a continuous model may be used to generate easy-to-solve policies for the ARP, approximations to evaluate these policies, and hybrid solutions which can be generated with modest computing resourcesOur numerical tests show that the approximations for the policy can approximate the true cost of implementing the policy quickly and accuratelyThe successful use of aggregate data also suggest that the policy solutions are insensitive to parameter error, which is important in the humanitarian context given the limited information.

A reputation-based scheme, incorporated in a group membership protocol, is being used for to establish trust among first responders. A nature-inspired activation mechanism is also proposed for trust-based information dissemination on top of the trust model. Experimental results indicate fast and robust establishment of trust and high resilience to the spread of unreliable information.

As a result of the evaluation, we found severe usability issues and concrete insights into how to solve them. For our evaluation approach, it means that on-site mobile evaluation is an appropriate method for improving the usability and interaction of safety-critical software systems.