Experiment planning and deviations

the coupled OODA framework is built to analyze the interaction between the emergency response units. In order to demonstrate the emergency response mechanism in theoretic way, the simulation theory of DEVS (Discrete Event System Specification) is adopted to build up the simulator model of the basic OODA process framework.With this scenario: “In the year 20XX, in the city Y in province X of southwest China, suddenly suffering to a Richter 8.0 degree earthquake disaster. This earthquake disaster has caused severe damage to the local city, with a large number of houses collapsed, casualties serious, road and transformation, electricity and other basic infrastructure paralyzed. State and government at all levels immediately launched the emergency response plans, organize and command the emergency response departments and their team units to carry out emergency rescue operations. Considering the disaster zone in the dangerous mountain area with less information, it is very difficult to make emergency response to rescue refugees in the disaster area.” (p. 535)Simulation, in STAGE (‘a scenario developing system’): (1) Edit the scenario database of the emergency environment(2) Edit the mission scripts(3) Edition of the emergency response plans(4) (4) Run the simulation (pp. 538-9)

The material was collected in the SAR 2009 exercise that took place in 2009 in the Helsinki metropolitan area in Finland; The exercise is planned and carried out annually by the same group of organizations but with a changing scenario.

The framework is demonstrated through an application in a metro system, for the case of a Xaming train stalled between two stations.“The framework adopts the Complex Adaptive Systems modelling approach, and proposes the agent-based simulation as cognitive tool for the team which designs the plans. “pp. 920“” The proposed methodological framework for the design of formative evacuation plans comprises five main stages and is presented schematically in Fig. 1.” Pp. 923The framework is demonstrated through an application in a metro system, for the case of a flaming train stalled between two stations.” Pp. 920“The method presented in the previous section has been applied to the Athens metro for the case of a tunnel Fire. The goal was to assess and improve the existing evacuation plans.” Pp. 928

Devised questionnaire after having screened a list of standardized questionnaires available in the literature.

Engagement of participants through participatory design:1-hour interviews focused on area managers, who play a key role in decision-making during routine and emergency operations (over a 4-month period)Guide for semi-structured interviews was:Based on prior field work at the study settingAnalysis of continuity of operations planning (COOP)Documents from the local health jurisdictionSystematic review of literature covering public health, information technology, and COOP.

Because the model is a multi-objective model, it can be transferredinto single objective the following strategy: aggregating the two objectives by weight.( For emergency relief: time objective is the most important (weighed with 80%)

1st Study: Training sessions conducted with students/interns randomly assigned either to human-patient simulator (HPS) or to a virtual world (VW). Additionally, trainees were given pretest and posttest cases, where experienced clinicians observed the performance and assigned scores.2nd Study:Teams were composed of experienced paramedics, EMT team members, and ED physicians. Satisfaction survey completed in the end of the sessions + focus group discussion.3rd Study:Participants were physicians and nurses, who were evaluated on 2 different groups with debriefing sessions and surveys + open discussion.

Phases:Pilot course development and evaluation of its immediate impactObstetric simulation-based team training course and evaluation (systematic design and implementation)1-year or longer post-course evaluation with self-assessment questionnaires.

 The exercise consisted of four linked scenarios played over a period of 2 weeks.Each scenario was followed by short periods of evaluation and debriefingR&E was applied to capture the course of events and reconstruct it in F-REX for further analysis and evaluation.

1) proposes a scientifically based methodology for SBT design and evaluation, 2) reviews existing team performance metrics in health care along with recommendations, and 3) focuses on leadership as a target for SBT because it has a high likelihood to improve many team processes and ultimately performance