Experiment planning and deviations

Interviews with experts and literature reviewDefinition of software requirementsSoftware designObservation of a meetings for preparedness of an airplane crash at a local airport.And several other observations of community activities that involve emergency management planning.

This system is designed as a field experiment in Padang, Indonesia, to help public officials design tsunami risk maps with timely evacuation routes and transmit these maps to influential leaders in local neighborhoods that are exposed to tsunami risk.Each neighborhood leader would then tweet the detailed route to citizens that follow the tweet.The community leaders install the DDSS APP in their smart phones, they not only could view the tsunami risk, but also obtain real-time evacuation route information disseminated from the EOCThis APP will help community leaders to recognize real-time tsunami risk, and organize community citizens to take rapid and effective collective evacuation action.n.a., if the app was actually tested or it is only proposed to be tested this way.

We introduce CFST as a general model for the task allocation problem faced by ambulances and fire brigades in RCR and in disaster management at large. Thus, our model captures most task allocation problems that involve some form of temporal (i.e. deadline and time to complete a task) and spatial constraints (i.e. positions of agents and tasks) such as those existing in logistics planning or crew scheduling [7]. Given this, we define both optimal and approximate solutions for the problem. (ii) We develop a new DCOP formulation for the approximate solution to the CFST problem and solve it using a novel decentralized algorithm based on the state-of-the-art Max-Sum algorithm [8]. (iii) We show that our algorithm can complete 10% more tasks than the current best decentralized algorithm for this problem (on average) and requires up to 91% fewer messages and 99% less computation than the standard Max-Sum algorithm in order to converge to a solution.

The experiment was conducted using the Wenchuan earthquake as a case study, and the results demonstrate a powerful capacity of the produced interactive map symbols, which will contribute to the improvement of the mapping efficiency and representation capability of disasters and emergency response.

We carry out our computational tests on an emergency evacuation network G=(V,E) with 20 nodes.Suppose an accident of ammonia spill happens in a chemical plant at node 2, the safety area is at node 20, and the starting point of the evacuees is at node 1.

Two real cases used to test its applicability showed that different visualization techniques might be needed to support situation awareness.We have chosen two case studies that vary considerably in the number of information generated and they help also to illustrate potential visualization techniques that can be used to support data exploration. The visualization of the outcomes of this process plays a fundamental role in order to facilitate the interpretation by the operators.

No experiment

Literature searches were conducted to identify evidence to answer the key questions in these areas. Given a lack of data on which to develop evidence based recommendations, expert-opinion suggestions were developed, and consensus was achieved using a modified Delphi process.

First the CORSIM traffic simulation software was used to model the major area traffic corridors into a regional transportation network. Then the regional model was utilized to test and evaluate emergency management strategies in response to natural or human caused disasters.Appropriate preparedness and response measures of effectiveness (mOEs) were selected to support the assessment process at the region-wied and/or corridor level. Candidate response actions were compared and evaluated on the basis of these MOEs and recommendations were developed on best practices and needs.This approach involves selection of an appropriate simulation tool, collection of data. to be used as model inputs and for model calibration, construction of 1he simulation model, model calibration and validation, development and testing of emergency scenarios, and evaluation of results Test scenarios: Traffic inident and evacuation of downtown Birmingham.

we utilize the cloud computing and volunteer computing technologies and propose a spatiotemporal performance model that provides more accurate performance evaluations to users from different regions at different times.