The tool enables to identify the 'gap' between the given response to a specific inject and the expected response and to assign evaluations which can be translated in numerical assessment.

Multi-criteria decision analysis has supplanted cost-benefit analsis (CBA.Inconsistent responses from a variety of decision-making bodies confuse the public.Sensitivity analysis graphs and comparative and sensitivity analysis reports are particularly useful.

Decision-making guides, risk analysis tools, and systematic approaches have been developed and testedtransformation of individual organization preparedness to community-level readinessThis process delivered key coalition-building activities and offered a variety of training and exercise opportunities to assist a number of organizations, all at different stages of hospital evacuation planning

The proposed models are valuable for organizing supply and transport, and optimizing the transport process.

we show how a continuous model may be used to generate easy-to-solve policies for the ARP, approximations to evaluate these policies, and hybrid solutions which can be generated with modest computing resourcesOur numerical tests show that the approximations for the policy can approximate the true cost of implementing the policy quickly and accuratelyThe successful use of aggregate data also suggest that the policy solutions are insensitive to parameter error, which is important in the humanitarian context given the limited information.

It is necessary to set up the disaster-reduction auxiliary systemas an effective measure to avoid the heavy casualties caused by the debris flow with imperial scale.As the forecast function fails to work, the disaster warning will play a role and avoid the heavy casualties caused by the debris flow disaster

The main system functions include dynamic disaster risk analysis, timely dissemination of evacuation strategies to community residents, and real-time detection of environmental risk and evacuation support.The GIS-SM-DDSS gives collective action support for public evacuation in tsunami disasters. The Mobile-GIS provides realtime spatial visualization of tsunami risk and resources, the Emergency Operations Center analyzes the evacuation route to a safe area. The leaders are election based on the acquirable affinity information which reflects the relationships between candidates and their visited community. When the Internet is available, the Emergency Managers push the evacuation routes to local community leaders through the social media platform, Twitter, then tweet to their community citizens. When Internet is not available, the Opportunistic network – Coverage-based Probabilistic Forwarding in ad-hoc routing will work. The leaders will monitor and report environmental situations changing in real-time to guarantee the latest information update for the policy design. The public evacuates to assigned shelters that follow the detailed evacuation policies.

- model is dynamic to account for changes in its parameters- tested the performance of the model- solvability of the model

“Not only did the SOS team rank first in all four tournaments, but the firefighters’ excellent performance amazed the other teams as well.” (p. 55)Results show performance improvements. The SOS team ranked first in an official world championship and three official open tournaments.

During the validation process, one method classified more than two out of three instances of the validation set correctly. The other two methods didn´t perform that well, one of them performing rather poorly.The results in the case study were also quite poor. As in the validation process, the predicted values were very far away from the real ones.